Biohydrogen is a type of biofuel. The raw material for its production is biomass. The use of biostorage gives the amount of energy three times more than is released when conventional fuel. Given the current problems with the environment, the use of biohydrogen is completely harmless, when burned do not form harmful substances.
Biohydrogen produced by two main methods:
1. Thermochemical method is based on the fact that biomass is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 500-800º. Heating occurs in the absence of oxygen. Temperature regime of the process is below the temperature of gasification of coal. In this process, hydrogen and other gaseous products. It is planned to improve this process and consequently reduce the cost of production.
2. The biochemical method is the production of biohydrogen from biomass with the help of special bacteria. If biomass rich in starch or contains significant amounts of cellulose, it is advisable to use special enzymes, which accelerate the process of biomass processing. For efficient process completion need to maintain stable parameters (temperature 30º and normal pressure).
However, the development of an ideal method of mining biohydrogen not stop. And gradually gaining popularity the production of fuel from algae. This method is called photolysis. As it was found that the algae produce biohydrogen under certain conditions this process occurs in a special bioreactor. In the presence of a small quantity of sulphur in the environment in algae, the process of photosynthesis stops, and then stops altogether. In this case, the algae switch to the production of hydrogen instead of oxygen.
Another equally interesting way of obtaining this fuel is the reforming of biogas. Reforming well-studied and widely used. The production process of biohydrogen by the method of steam reforming established and is a good alternative in regions where there is a shortage of traditional fuel. The whole process consists of several stages.
Today the biochemical method for the production of biohydrogen the most popular and common. Given that raw materials can be agricultural residues (husks, meal, etc.), household organic waste, waste water and sewage, the number is inexhaustible. Also in the production of hydrogen by this method do not need any special conditions and special equipment. For the efficient production of needed good bacteria. The most suitable for this purpose are purple bacteria that are found in the highland sources. The bacteria can be reused after each production cycle. Therefore, this method depends entirely on the activity of bacteria and it is less energy intensive and is the cheapest.
Biohydrogen is seen as a good replacement of traditional fuels. Biohydrogen clean fuels, more efficient oil and gas. Fuel production is easy and simple, but no less important aspect is that it is still financially advantageous.
